This is referred to, most broadly, as test response bias. There are some individuals who, in certain assessment contexts, cannot or choose not to answer in a manner typically representative of their traits or symptoms. Valid self-report assessment of psychopathology relies on accurate and credible responses to test questions. More research is needed with specific consideration to clinical utility, additional forms of reliability and validity, relations with psychopathological personality traits using clinical samples, alternative methods of criterion validation, effective employment of cut scores, and the inclusion of validity scales to propel this movement forward. The PID–5 demonstrates adequate psychometric properties, including a replicable factor structure, convergence with existing personality instruments, and expected associations with broadly conceptualized clinical constructs. In this article, we review the psychometric characteristics of the PID–5 using the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing as our framework.

Since its recent introduction, 30 papers (39 samples) have been published examining various aspects of its psychometric properties. To inform the hybrid model, the DSM–5 Personality and Personality Disorders Work Group developed a self-report instrument to assess pathological personality traits-the Personality Inventory for the DSM–5 (PID–5). American Psychiatric Association, 2013), for example, includes a hybrid categorical/dimensional model of personality disorder classification. Section III (Emerging Measures and Models) of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. The paradigm of personality psychopathology is shifting from one that is purely categorical in nature to one grounded in dimensional individual differences.

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